Automatic nailing machine



April e. c. PAXTON ET AL 2,279,638

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.I53 /50 I6 28 a5 Patented Apr. 14,1942

azvacss AUTOMATIC NAILING MACHINE Gerald G. Paxton and Glenn M. Criger,Riverside, Calif., and Walter Hale Paxton, deceased, late of Riverside,Calif., by Geraldine Paxton and H. S. Nicks, executors, Riverside,Calif., assignors to Food Machinery Corporation, San Jose, Calif., acorporation of Delaware Application November 13, 1939, Serial No.304,162

59 olaims ol. 1-14) This invention relates to box nailing machines andis particularly useful inmaking small boxes at a high rate ofproduction.

Extremely large quantities of small wooden boxes are used annually inthe marketing of i cigars, cheese and other products. A single firm inthe United States, for example, uses 72,000,000 small boxes annually.Heretofore, these boxes have been made on hand fed or semi-automaticmachines and large numbers of such machines and operators have beenrequired to produce these boxes. r

An object of the present invention is to provide a machine for makingsmall boxes at a j high rate of production while requiring the-servicesof a minimum number of operators.

The shook used in the manufacture of small boxes is so thin that itoften warps, thus making it difiicult to handle and nail. Previousattempts to provide full automatic machines for assembling and nailingsuch shookhav'e failed to solve the problem of handling warped shookautomatically without jamming the machine or producing imperfect boxes.

A further object of this invention is the provision of such a machinehaving means for preventing interference with the operation. thereof bywarped shook. i

As the above mentioned boxes are made in many difierent sizes andproportions, it is highly desirable that such a machine be readilyadjustable to handle dilferent sized shook and produce boxes of varioussizes.

Accordingly, a still further object of our invention is to provide a boxmaking machine which is readily adjustable to make boxes of a wide rangeof sizes.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent in the followingdescription. taken in connection with the accompanying drawings; inwhich:

Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of a preferred embodiment of the boxmaking machine of our invention.

Fig. 1A is a perspective View of a box of the general type andproportion for which the machine shown in Fig. 1 is adjusted to make.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the machine taken on the line2-2'of Fig. 1.

Fig. 2A is a fragmentary perspective view of a portion of the frame ofthe machine of our invention, showing a gib on which one of the, nailingheads is guided.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an electrical wiring diagram shows ing the manner in which theelectrical elements of the machine are wired.

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional View taken on the 7 line 55 of Fig. 2 andshowing the lower portion of the machine.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken on the line 0-6 ofFig. 5. V

Fig. '7 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 1-7 of Fig. 1.H Fig. 7A is a detail perspective view of one of a pair of adjustableframe members includedin the machine of our invention.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged, fragmentary plan view of the central-portion ofthe machine as seen in Fig. 7, Fig-8 showing end and side shookin themagazines provided therefor with the innermost pieces of this shookdisposed against the shook assembling form thereby.

Fig. 8A is a fragmentary View of one corner of the box form shown inFig. 8, showing the relationship of. the side shook. to a piece of endshook of less than average length. j

Fig. 8B is a view similar to Fig. 8A but showing how the side shookflexes into contact with. a short piece,of end shook when engaged byanail chuck. 7

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary view similar in part to Fig. 8 and showing themanner in which the side and end shook is'retained in the magazines bythe shock assembling'form after completion. of a box and prior to thenext successive shook picking operation.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary elevational view look ing in the direction ofthe arrow"! 0 of Fig. 8 and shows the manner in which one of thevertically.

adjustable corner plates of the side and end shook magazines is mounted.

Fig. 11 iS an enlarged per p t of the f reciprocating shook assemblingform included in the machine of our invention.

Fig. 12 is a fra mentary, vertical sectional view taken on the linel2-l2 of Fig. 11.

Figs. 13 to 16 inclusive are fragmentary sec-,

tional views taken on the line Iii-l3 of Fig. 11

and showing the manner in which the shook assembling form is suppliedwith shook, the w I. successive positions shown in these figures beingas follows:

Fig. 13 shows the shook assembling form descending after a box makingoperation.

Fig. 14 shows the shock with an adjacent piece of side shook tiltinginto position against the form.

in position to be elevated form still descending I J shook and lugsengaging the lower edge thereof.

Fig. 17 is an enlarged, fragmentary sectional 'view taken on the lineil-l1 of Fig. 1 and show- 1 ing the shook magazines empty.

' Fig. 17A is an enlarged, fragmentary -view showing means for adjustingthe length of certain rods of the machine shown in Fig. 1'7.

Fig. 18 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig.

1'7 but taken at a higher levelon the machine as indicated by the linel8l8 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 19 is an enlarged, vertical sectional view taken on the line l9-l9of Fig. 2 showing end shook in the magazines provided therefor andshowing the shook assembling form in its lowermost position. i

Fig. 19A is a perspective view of one of a pair of horizontal framemembers of the machine on which the pieces of bottom shook slide whilebeing fed from the magazine into position over the shook assemblingform, these frame members also servingto carry finished boxes as thelatter are being discharged from the machine.

Fig. 20 is an enlarged perspective view of one of the horizontal chuckcarriers included in the nailing mechanism of the machine.

Fig. 2 1 is a perspective view of the nail chuck shown in 'Fig. 20illustrating the manner in which the chuck is taken apart.

Fig. 22 is an enlarged, horizontal sectional view taken on the line22-42 of Fig. 20. p

Fig. 23 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 23-23 of Fig.- 22showing the internal construction of the nail chuck disclosed in Figs.

20, 21 and 22.

I Fig. 23A is a perspective view of one of a pair of verticallyreciprocal heads on which the nail chucks of the machine are mounted,most of the parts beingremoved from the head to more clearly show theformation of the latter.

1 Fig. 24 is an enlarged, fragmentary, vertical sectional view taken onthe line 24-24 of Fig. '7 showing the mechanism for operating a switchto stop the machine when the shock magazine thereabove is almost empty.

Fig. 25 is an enlarged, fragmentary, perspective view looking in thedirection of the arrow 25 of Fig/28 showing the switches for stoppingthe machinein the event of failure of the bottom shook feeding mechanismor box ejecting mechanism.

Fig. 26 is an enlarged, fragmentary, Vertical sectional view taken onthe line 2626 of Fig.

1'7 showing one of the box strippers for removing finished boxes fromthe shook assembling form. a

. Fig. 27 is a 'fragmentary, vertical sectional view taken on the line21-21 of Fig. 26 and shows one of the feed dogs for feeding pieces ofbottom shook into position 'over the shock as,

sembling form of the machine. I Figs. 28, 29, 30 and 31 are enlarged.fragmentary, vertical sectional views taken on the same plane as Fig. 2,these views illustrating successive stages in the operation of themachine during fabrication of a box.

' Fig. 28 shows the shook assembling form during, its upward movement atthe moment of stripping pieces of side and end shook from the magazines,this view also showing the ejection of previously made boxes and thefeeding of a piece of bottom shook into the path of the rising shookassembling form.

Fig. 28A is a fragmentary operation view of certain portions of themachine shown in Fig. 2, the scale of Fig. 28A being the same as that ofFig. 2 and half that of Fig. 28. The positions of the elements shown'inFig. 28A correspond with the positions in Fig. 28 of the shookassembling form and bottom shook feeding and box ejecting dogs.

Fig. 283 is a fragmentary, vertical sectional view in reduced scaleshowing the manner in which the side and end shook magazines of themachine are supplied with shook without stopping or otherwiseinterrupting operation of the machine. I

Fig. 29 shows the shook assembling form with a set of shock assembledthereon just as the shook on the rising form contacts the verticallyreciprocal nailing head. This View also shows the shook feeding and boxejecting do'gs being moved rightward in preparation for the next shookfeeding and box ejecting operation.

Fig. 29A is a view similar to Fig. 28A but showing a successive positionof the elements which .cause the shock assembling form and; shookfeeding and box ejecting dogs to be positioned as shown in Fig. 29.

Fig. 30 shows the shook assembling form elevated to its uppermostposition after it has lifted the nailing heads .causing the latter todrive nails in each end of the sides and bottom of a box to complete theformation of the latter.

Fig. 30A is a view similar to Figs. 28A and 29A and shows the elementsthereof in corresponding positions relative to the positions of the formand dogs as shown in Fig. 30.

Fig. 31 shows the shock assembling form hearing its lowermost positionjust after the stripping of a finished box therefrom, this view alsoshowing the shook feeding and box ejecting dogs disposed inrightwardmost position with the ejector dog in position to remove thesaid finished box leftward out of the path of the verticallyreciprocating form.

Fig. 31A shows the positions of the power transmitting elements whichcause the form and dogs to be positioned as shown in Fig. 31.

Fig. 32 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken on the line 32-32of Fig. 31 and showing a finished box resting on the strippers justafter being stripped from the shook assembly form.

Fig. 33' is an enlarged, fragmentary vertical sectional view taken onthe line 33-33 of Fig. 31 but showing the finished box still on the format the moment of engagement of the box by the strippers.

Fig. 34 is a perspective view of one side of the upper portion of themachine looking in the direction of the arrow 34 of Fig. 7.

Referring specifically to the drawings, a box making machine l0,comprising a preferred em- 9, 10), bottom shook feeding and box ejectingmechanism I! (see Figs. 2, 17, 19, 19A, 28, 29, 30, .31 and 34), andnailing mechanism It (see Figs. 1, 2, 18, 19 and 28).

Before continuing with the specific description of the structure of ourinvention, we will point out its general mode of operation. The shookassembling form I is reciprocated vertically over a given operatingpath, each cycle of operation beginning with this form in its lowermostposition. As it starts to rise, this form picks up two pieces of endshock and twopieces of side shook to form the ends and sides of a box.Continuing upward, this form receives a piece of bottom shook disposedhorizontally and,

The base 11 The base II as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and '1,

includes a base plate 28, upon which a housing 2| is mounted, the latterincluding side walls 22 as shown in Figs. 3 and 5, and front and rearwalls 23 and 24 respectively, as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 7. Bolted tothe rear wall 24 and the base plate 28 as seen in Figs. 2 and 3 is amotor housing 25. As shown in Figs. 2 and '1, the upper edges of thefront and rear walls 23 and 24 are formed to provide T slots 28. Mountedin a socket plate 38 provided on the base plate 28 is a pair of verticaltubes 3| as shown in Figs. 2 and 8, these tubes being joined at theupper extremities thereof by a cross bar 32 (see Figs. 2 and 19).Extending from the bar 32 to the front wall 23 of the housing 2| is a Vbrace 33 as shown in Figs. 2, 11 and 18.

The frame structures 12 and 13 The frame structures I2 and I3 include apair of cast cross members 84 adjustably mounted on top of the housing2! as shown in Figs. 7, 7A, 17, 18 and 19. Each of the cross members-84(see Figs. '1 and 7A), includesbosses 35 having set front and rear walls23 and 24 of the housing 2| by bolts 48 extending into theaforementioned T slots 28, the bolts 48 having nuts 48A thereon.Adjustable vertically in the bosses 85'of the cross members 34 are fourposts 4|, the latter being secured vertically by the set screws 36.Mounted on the posts 4| of each of the frame structures I 2 and I3 asseen in Figs. 1, 2A, 19 and 34, is a cross bar 42 bored at its ends toreceive the posts 4| and having set screws 43 for locking the cross bar42 on the posts 4|. Fixed on top of the bar 42 are rubber bumpers 44 fora purpose described hereinafter. Mounted centrally on each of the crossbars 42 as seen in Figs. 2A and, 19 is a vertical column 45 shaped incross section as seen in Fig. 18. Formed centrally through the column 45is an opening 46 referred to hereinafter. As seen in Figs. 1, 2 and 19,the upper end of each of the columns 45 is secured to a head casting 41mounted on the upper ends of the posts 4! of The power mechanism 14 Thepower mechanism I4, shown in Figs. 2, 3, 5 and 6, includes a crank shaft48, rotatably supported on the base plate 28 by a casting 49 formed toprovide bearings 58 and 5|. Fixed on the shaft 48 as seen in Fig. 5 is acrank 52 having a crank pin 53 and mounted on the shaft 48 between thebearings 58 and 5| is a fly wheel 54, and a small sprocket 55. On theend of the shaft 48 adjacent the bearing 5| is a large double sprocket56 and a cam 51. As shown in Fig. 6, the cam 51 i formed to provide alobe 58, an arcuate depression 59, and curved portions 68 and 8|. Asshown in Figs. 5 and 6, a lever 64 is pivotally mounted in a clevis 65provided on the base plate 28, the lever 64 having three pins 66, 61 and68 extending transversely therethrough and a finger 69 at the free endthereof, a set screw 18 being threadedly mounted in the finger 69.Mounted on the base 28 below the finger 69 of the lever 64 is a switch12, the purpose of which will be described hereinafter. Mounted on thepin 61 of the lever 64 is a roller 14 and a connecting rod 15. As shownin Figs. 3 and 6,

the roller 14 is positioned for engagement with the periphery of the cam51'.

J ournalled in bearings 18 and'19 formed on the back wall 24 of thehousing 2| as seen in'Figs. 5 and 6 is a horizontal oscillating shaft 88having an arm 8| fixed on one end thereof, the latter being joined tothe upper extremity of the connecting rod 15 extending from the lever84. Fixed on the shaft 88 between the bearings 18 and 19, as shown inFigs. 5, 6 and 19, is a pair of bifurcated arms 82 having idle sprockets83 mounted in the ends thereof.

Mounted on the base plate 28 within the housing 25 as shown in Figs. 2,3, 5 and 6, is amotor M, the latter being of conventional design andincluding a built-in speed reducing unit 86 and an electrically operatedbrake mechanism 81, the

latter being adjustable by means of a lever 88 as shown in Figs. 2 ,and3.

Extending from the speed reducing unit 86 of the motor M is a driveshaft 89 having a cone 98 keyed thereon as shown in Fig. 3. Frictionallymounted on the cone 98 is a small double sprocket 9| retained infrictional engagement with the cone 98 by a cap screw 92 and washer 83.Trained about the double sprockets 9| and 56 is a chain 94 fortransmitting rotation of the motor M to the crank shaft 48.,

Mounted on the base plate 28, as shown in Figs.

2 and 3, is a pair of bearings 96 in which a shaft 81 is rotatablymounted, the latter having cranks 98 fixed on opposite ends thereof, thepurpose of the latter being described hereinafter in relation to thenailing mechanism I5. Fixed on the shaft 91 is a sprocket 99, the latterbeing driven from the crank shaft 48 by a chain I88 trained about thesprocket 55.

Mounted on the rear wall 24 of the housing 2| as seen in Figs. 2, 5 and6, is a bracket I having a pin I86 on which a lever I81 is pivoted. Thelever I81 is bifurcated at its extremity as shown in Fig. 5 and has apin 88 extending therethrough on which a link I 88 is pivoted. Extending transversely through the bifurcated end of the lever I81 are threeholes MB, III and H2 in which a pin I I3 may be selectively mounted.Extending from the pin II3 to the crank pin 53 of the crank 52 is aconnecting rod I I4 adjustable each of the frame structures I2 and iii,the cast,-

